Investigation of hydraulic fracturing operation and fracture propagation simulation in reservoir rock     

Siavash Ashoori  Mohammad Abdideh  Milad Yahagh 《Geomechanics and Geoengineering》2015,10(3):203-211

For many decades most oil wells in Iran have produced using their natural flow potential and haven’t needed to be fractured. As time goes by, the reservoir pressure depletes and the need for hydraulic fracturing as a stimulation practice arises. Nonetheless there is no record of successful hydraulic fracturing in Iran.

The Bangestan reservoir with a suitable amount of oil in place and good rock reservoirs, has been selected for the present research work. In this work, the in situ stress profile was calculated by using the available petrophysical data. This is achieved by using poroelastic theory for the stresses, and the Mohr–Coulomb criterion to predict failure. The model leads to easily computed expressions for calculating the pressure required to maintain hydraulic fracturing. Then the appropriate depth for treatment was determined. The results indicate that Ilam and Sarvak formations could be good candidates for hydraulic fracturing. Then, for two layers, a hydraulic fracture was designed and the production was predicted and the Net Present Value (NPV) resulting from the fracture of both layers was investigated.  相似文献   

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1674987114000401     

Emilio Saccani 《地学前缘(英文版)》2015,6(4)

In this paper, a new discrimination diagram using absolute measures of Th and Nb is applied to post-Archean ophiolites to best discriminate a large number of different ophiolitic basalts. This diagram ...  相似文献   

微波消解-原子吸收光谱法测定岩芯中的8种金属元素   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

赵雷  邱会东  原金海 《岩矿测试》2011,30(4):461-464

岩芯分析是油气田开采前期必须开展的必要研究工作。岩芯样品常见金属元素钾(12.30 mg/g)、钠(15.04 mg/g)、铝(28.83 mg/g)、铁(11.13 mg/g)含量较高,且含有大量有机物,文章首次提出以微波消解方式,用浓硝酸和过氧化氢分解有机物,盐酸和氢氟酸处理二氧化硅等无机物,分解稠油油藏岩芯样品效果明显,原子吸收光谱法测定样品中钾、钠、钙、镁、铝、铁、锰、钡8种金属元素的含量。分析结果表明,方法线性相关系数良好(相关系数为0.9949～0.9998),回收率在92.2%～101.6%。建立的微波消解技术无样品损失,操作简单,消解过程节省试剂,减少了环境污染,测定方法准确、可靠,检出限低。  相似文献   

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定土壤和沉积物中痕量稀土元素   总被引：11，自引：6，他引：5  

陈永欣  黎香荣  韦新红  吕泽娥  谢毓群  蔡维专 《岩矿测试》2011,30(5):560-565

建立了微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定土壤和沉积物中15种痕量稀土元素的分析方法。研究了溶样试剂、微波消解程序、标准溶液配制、质谱干扰与内标元素对稀土元素测定的影响。加入氢氟酸能有效打开样品,以HNO3-HF-H2O2混合酸溶解样品,稀土元素的溶出率较高。采用模拟土壤、沉积物中稀土元素天然组成比值的校正溶液,对稀土元素间的干扰具有明显的抑制作用。通过测定单个La、Ce、Pr、Nd和Ba的氧化物及氢氧化物产率,计算出等效干扰浓度,进而校正多原子离子干扰。利用103Rh内标校正系统,有效地抑制了分析信号的动态漂移。方法检出限为1.2～7.1 ng/g,精密度(RSD)≤5.3%(n=6),加标回收率为86.1%～110.1%。使用土壤、沉积物标准物质进行验证,测定结果与标准值相符。建立的方法样品处理程序简单快速、线性范围宽、分析重现性好、结果准确,适用于大批量地质样品的分析。  相似文献   

A multi-method approach for the study of lanthanum speciation in coastal and estuarine sediments     

Parthasarathi Chakraborty  P.V. Raghunadh BabuV.V. Sarma 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2011

Two independent analytical methods (sequential extraction and kinetic extraction methods) were applied in order to understand the distribution and speciation of La in the coastal and estuarine sediments from the central east coast of India. Sequential extraction study revealed that La was primarily present as inert complexes (~ 50–60% of the total La) in all the sediments. Amounts of ~ 20–30% of the total La in all the sediments were found to associate with the total organic carbon (TOC) in the sediments. The dissociation rate constants of La–sediment complexes obtained from kinetic extraction studies revealed that the concentration of thermodynamically weak complexes of La gradually increased with the increasing La/TOC ratio in the sediments.  相似文献   

Assessment of the natural and anthropogenic sources of chemical elements in alluvial soils from the Drava River using multivariate statistical methods   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

Robert Šajn  Josip Halamić  Zoran Peh  Lidija Galović  Jasminka Alijagić 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2011

The objectives of this study are as follows: (a) an assessment of the geochemical background signature of the Drava Valley before the industrial revolution; (b) an evaluation of anthropogenic geochemical influences on the alluvial plains and river terraces in the valley; and (c) a determination of the spatial distribution of trace elements in the alluvial soils of the Drava River downstream of the Austrian–Slovenian border to the confluence of Mura and Drava Rivers.  相似文献   

滇西北衙金多金属矿床成矿地球化学特征   总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10  

肖晓牛 《地质与勘探》2011,47(2):170-179

北衙金多金属矿床是金沙江-哀牢山-红河断裂带与新生代富碱斑岩有关的斑岩型矿床之一.本文重点提供了流体包裹体中稀土微量元素和矿石S、Pb同位素分析结果,并对成矿流体及成矿物质来源等问题进行了讨论.研究表明,本区流体包裹体稀土总量较低,∑REE介于5.19×10-6～9.0×10-6之间,反映轻重稀土分馏程度的∑LREE/...  相似文献   

高温熔融研制岩石标准玻璃方法初步研究:以玄武岩为例     

包志安  贺国芬  陈开运  宋佳瑶  袁洪林  柳小明 《地球化学》2011,40(3):223-236

探索了利用高温炉合成玄武岩玻璃制作原位微区主微量元素含量分析的标准物质的实验条件.选取玄武岩标准物质GBW07105(GSR-3)进行高温熔融、淬火实验研究,获得玄武岩玻璃,为合成其他地质样品微区分析标准参考物质的研制提供了参考方法.用激光剥蚀-四极杆等离子体质谱(LA-Q-ICPMS)对样品微区46个主元素和微量元素...  相似文献   

长江口东南泥质区百年来稀土元素的组成及控制因素     

冯旭文  石学法  黄永祥  许冬  章伟艳  张富元 《地球化学》2011,(5):464-472

在210pb定年的基础上,分析了长江口外东南泥质区柱样沉积物稀土元素含量、特征参数分布特征及其与粒径、常量元素等的相关性,探讨了150 a以来稀土元素的来源、制约因素及对沉积环境的响应.结果表明,柱样稀土元素总量(ΣREE)变化范围不大,分布范围为158.38～197.87 μg/g,平均值为183.49μg/g,总体...  相似文献   

Trace element and REE geochemistry of fine- and coarse-grained sands in the Ordos deserts and links with sediments in surrounding areas   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Wenbo Rao  Hongbing Tan  Sanyuan Jiang  Jiansheng Chen 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2011,(2):155-170

In addition to mineral analyses, REE and trace element geochemical characteristics of fine- and coarse-grained sands in the Ordos deserts and other sediments in surrounding areas are investigated.Commonly the samples consist of quartz, feldspar and muscovite and less clinochlore, dolomite and ankerite. In few samples muscovite is absent.REE and trace compositions are spatially uniform for the same grain-size sands, suggesting that they could have the same sources or/and were well homogenized. However, fine- and coarse-grained sands in the Ordos deserts show different REE and trace element compositions. Fine-grained sands show higher contents of REE and trace elements than those of coarse-grained sands. They differ in Eu anomalies and (La/Yb)_N ratios although both fractions are characterized by the steep LREE and smooth HREE patterns. The fine- and coarse-grained sands are also distinct in some characteristic element ratios (e.g., Th/Co, La/Sc, Th/Sc and Y/Ni).REE and trace element patterns of the two different grain-size fractions are closely associated with geological properties of individual sources rather than the mineralogical differentiation induced by wind sorting. The coarse-grained sands mainly resulted from sandstone weathering in the Ordos deserts and movements of coarse particles by wind. REE and trace element patterns of fine-grained sands in the Ordos deserts differ from those of sandstones in the Ordos deserts, the alluvial sands in the surrounding mountains and the coarse fluvial sands in the Yellow River. They resemble the fine fluvial sands in the Yellow River. In addition, arid areas of Northwest China such as the Tarim Basin and the Alxa Plateau should not be ruled out as the source of the fine-grained sands in the Ordos deserts because these arid areas reserve plenty of fine-grained sediments and also located in the upwind directions of the Ordos deserts.  相似文献